By WWII, scientists had already begun looking at alternative gelling substances for routine use in bacteriology, but concluded that agar was still better as it is both firmer and easier to handle. Today, some specialized microbiology applications use the colloid carrageenan (extracted from red seaweed Chondrus crispus, or “Irish Moss”), a more transparent and less auto-fluorescent alternative to agar (agar emits its own background fluorescence when excited by light). However, for routine bacteriological use, carrageenan is more difficult to dissolve, requires higher concentrations, can degrade at high temperatures, and forms weaker gels, which may result in puncturing its surface during the plating of cells.
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Юлия Мискевич (Ночной линейный редактор)
治水安邦，兴水利民。新征程上，既需要国家水网纵横神州、跨域调度的“大手笔”，也离不开每一滴水精打细算、每一条河精准施策的“绣花功夫”。“节水优先、空间均衡、系统治理、两手发力”的治水思路，正让清水高效利用、碧波重焕生机，最终汇聚成实现高质量发展的磅礴力量。